Predicting Intentional Systems
In April 2006, Shane Legg and Marcus Hutter suggested a formal measure of machine intelligence based on the idea that intelligence basically amounts to achieving complex goals within complex environments and that this idea can be formalized within the framework of algorithmic information theory. While not aiming at characterizing intelligent systems, Daniel Dennett’s paper “Intentional Systems” suggests something similar: A way to tell intentional systems from non-intentional ones by thinking about the behavior of systems in a way that has a normative, logical basis rather than an empirical one. Dennett’s method of comparing the actual behavior of a system to the most rational things to do, given some goals, constraints and information about the present state of affairs, sounds very much like a recipe for a general test of intentionality, if not intelligence.
Dennett introduces three levels of abstraction we can use to describe intentional systems: Descriptions on the level of physics, a functional perspective and the intentional stance. In order to determine in how far these levels presuppose optimal design and rational behavior, I am first going to explain what Dennett means when he talks about intentional systems, then describe each of the three different levels of abstraction and finally analyze what role the notions of optimality and rationality play for each of them. Weiterlesen »

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